Abstract:With the rapid development of integrated photonics and micro-nano technology, the micro-optical gyro is widely applied in next-generation high-precision miniaturized inertial navigation systems with its advantages in chip-based and integration, and plays an important role in the fields of defense weapons, micro air vehicles and unmanned machine control. In this paper, we investigate the development scheme and research status of micro-optical gyroscopes at home and abroad, and introduce the working principles and performance of four types of micro-optical gyroscopes, including interferometric, resonant, Brillouin scattering, and micro-optical electromechanical types. As the sensitive device of angular velocity in the micro-optical gyroscope, the performance of optical micro-cavity directly determines the accuracy of the gyroscope system. Therefore, the characteristics and advantages of new micro-cavity such as silicon nitride waveguide and whispering gallery mode are fully discussed, and their transmission loss, quality factor and gyroscope performance are compared and analyzed. Finally, the chip-based development trend of micro-optical gyroscope, the opportunities and challenges encountered in the performance improvement of discrete components, system coupling and packaging are summarized.